The Ministry of Mineral Resources, Green Technology and Energy Security (MMGE) was founded in 1973 as the Ministry of Mineral Resources and Water Affairs (MIRWA). At its inception, it comprised the Department of Geological Survey and Mining and the Department of Water Affairs. Later, the Department of Mines was separated from the Geological Survey, with the former relocating to Gaborone and the latter remaining in Lobatse. In 1984, the energy portfolio was added, and the ministry became the Ministry of Minerals, Energy and Water Resources (MMEWR).
Today, MMGE provides policy direction, regulatory oversight, and an enabling framework for Botswana’s mining and energy sectors. Its mission is to promote sustainable resource exploitation, encourage local participation, and drive socio-economic development. The ministry focuses on responsible mineral utilization, diversification of resources, securing energy supply through both conventional and renewable sources, and fostering green technologies for long-term growth.
Organizationally, MMGE consists of Corporate Services at headquarters, the Departments of Mines and Energy, the Mineral Affairs Division, and works closely with key parastatals such as the Botswana Power Corporation (BPC) and the Botswana GeoScience Institute (BGI). Together, these institutions coordinate development, innovation, and operations in Botswana’s critical energy and mineral sectors.

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